Alpha Ursae Minoris

    The "North Star" or "Polaris," as it is more often called, also has at least nine other names -- Tramontana, Alruccabah, Phoenice, Angel Stern, Yilduz, Navigatoria, Cynosaura, Lodestar, Mismar -- all of which attest to its great historical importance; despite its being quite dim really, and rather lackluster.  At magnitude 2.0, it ranks at an unimpressive 50th on the list of brightest stars, which is surely nothing to crow about.

    Polaris has other strange peculiarities as well.  It never moves from night to night (to the delight of northern sailors) and therefore never sets nor rises; it has a very dim companion that circles completely around the primary in exactly 24 hours; it is a cepheid variable (a type of star) that simply refuses to behave like a typical self-respecting cepheid; and it is the solitaire diamond set in its very own engagement ring.

    Let me further explain all this:

    If you were to skewer the Earth along its axis of rotation, the skewer would point directly at Polaris; meaning that the entire firmament apparently rotates about Polaris while Polaris itself never moves, a fact of momentous importance to ancient mariners who were deathly afraid of sailing off the edge of the world.  They wanted to always know which way they were going.  So they just loved having Polaris up there all the time (like a security blanket).

    Polaris' very dim, pale bluish companion only appears to rotate around it.  Actually the rotation of the entire sky about Polaris also includes the companion, which really isn't moving but is merely going along for the ride.  In other words, theirs is a fixed relationship and not binary in nature.

    Polaris is a type of star known as a cepheid, variable stars which are known to flare up and down with the precision of an atomic clock (OK, a Timex).  But for some unknown reason, Polaris stopped flaring in 1994.  No one knows precisely why.

    Look at Polaris in large binoculars or a small telescope and note that Polaris is indeed the sparkling solitaire diamond set in an engagement ring. Note also that the ring is dented (but please don't ask me why).

    And lastly, while you're at it, look closely for its very dim companion.  It is simply a rite of passage among serious observers to have seen it and some eagle-eyed observers even claim to have seen it in a 40mm telescope.  (They don't make a telescope that small any more, do they?)

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